Excel Functions

On this page, you'll find the most commonly used functions, each demonstrated in a simple example.

Date & Time

DATEDIFCalculates the number of days, months or years between two dates.
TODAYDisplays today's date.

Logical

ANDChecks if all tests are TRUE.
BYCOLApplies a LAMBDA function to each column and returns an array of the results.
BYROWApplies a LAMBDA function to each row and returns an array of the results.
IFChecks if a condition is met and returns a value based on that condition.
IFSChecks if multiple conditions are met and returns a value corresponding to the first true condition.
IFERRORReturns a value if there is no error or another value in case of error.
LAMBDACreates a custom function.
LETAssigns a name to calculation results.
MAKEARRAYReturns an array of specified dimensions by applying a LAMBDA function.
MAPReturns an array after applying a LAMBDA function.
ORChecks if at least one of the tests is TRUE.
REDUCEReduces an array to a cumulative value by applying a LAMBDA function.
SCANTraverses the values of an array, applies a LAMBDA function and returns an array of intermediate values.

Math & Trig

MROUNDRounds a value to the desired multiple.
RANDRandomly generates a value.
ROUNDRounds a value.
ROUNDDOWNRounds a value down.
ROUNDUPRounds a value up.
SQRTPerforms the square root.
SUMCalculates the sum of a series of values.
SUMIFCalculates the sum from values that meet a condition.
SUMIFSCalculates the sum from values that meet several conditions.
SUMPRODUCTReturns the sum of the products of ranges of values.

Lookup & Reference

CHOOSEDisplays a value or performs an action based on a choice.
FILTERFilters a range of cells based on defined criteria.
INDEXReturns a value from an array based on its coordinates.
INDEX + MATCHCombination similar to HLOOKUP/VLOOKUP without the constraint of the first row/column.
HLOOKUPReturns a value from an array based on a value in the first row.
MATCHReturns the position of a value in an array.
SORTSorts the content of a range of cells or an array.
SORTBYSorts the content of a range of cells or an array based on a range of cells or an array.
UNIQUEReturns the list of unique values from a range of cells or an array.
VLOOKUPReturns a value from an array based on a value in the first column.
XLOOKUPSearches for a value in an array then returns the corresponding value in the same position in a second array.
XMATCHReturns the position of a value in an array.

Statistical

AVERAGEPerforms the average of a series of values.
COUNTCounts the number of cells containing numbers.
COUNTACounts the number of non-empty cells.
COUNTBLANKCounts the number of empty cells.
COUNTIFCounts the number of cells meeting a criteria.
COUNTIFSCounts the number of cells meeting several criteria.
MAXReturns the highest value.
MINReturns the lowest value.

Text

LEFTExtracts characters from the left.
LOWERConverts to lowercase.
MIDExtracts characters from a string.
PROPERConverts the first letter of each word to uppercase and the other letters to lowercase.
RIGHTExtracts characters from the right.
SUBSTITUTEReplaces textual values with others.
TEXTJOINAssembles the values of one or several ranges of data using the defined separator.
TEXTSPLITSplits a text using column and row separators.
TRIMRemoves unnecessary spaces from the text.
UPPERConverts to uppercase.

Compatibility

CONCATENATEAssembles values one after the other.
FORECASTExtrapolates using known data.
RANKAssigns a ranking to a value based on a series of values.